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CRRNJ Newark Bay Bridge
The Newark Bay Bridge of the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ) was a four-track railroad bridge that had four main lift spans. It opened in 1926, replacing an outdated two track bascule span built in 1901, that in turn had replaced a wooden draw bridge that originally opened on July 29, 1864. The bridge served the main line of the CNJ, carrying daily interstate trains as well as commuter trains.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nealjconway.com/nepasites/addenda1004/nyscranton/newarkbaybridge.html )〕 The bridge connected Elizabethport and Bayonne at the southern end of Newark Bay. The designer of this bridge was J. A. L. Waddell.
==History==
The lift spans were a pair of two-track spans over two separate shipping channels; the longer span being long, while the shorter span was , giving a navigable width of and respectively. Vertical clearance was open and closed. Each span was capable of independent movement, as well as any combination of tandem movements. Bridge movement, interlocking and signals were controlled from a large manned structure on the operational midpoint, between the east and west drawspans and above the tracks.〔
Despite the operational flexibility and safeguards built into the bridge, increase in marine traffic and ship size only made the bridge a greater, rather than lesser, maritime hazard. At the same time, however, decline in rail traffic did not make it any less of a hazard to the railroad. On September 15, 1958, a commuter train plunged off the south span which had been opened for marine traffic, killing 48 people, including former New York Yankees second baseman Snuffy Stirnweiss.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=TheDeadballEra.com :: SNUFFY STIRNWEISS' OBIT ) 〕 On May 19, 1966, the French freighter S.S. ''Washington'' collided with the northeast lift span, rendering two tracks unusable;〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CONRAIL/NJ D.O.T. Draws the Curtain on the Bayonne Shuttle )〕 despite an eventual 2nd Circuit judgment in the CNJ's favor, the span was never repaired, as the two affected tracks were deemed redundant by the railroad due to the sharp decline in rail traffic and the momentous change in the railroad's operations which occurred less than a year after the accident.
After the Aldene Plan went into effect in May 1967 the only passenger service on the bridge was the Bayonne-Cranford shuttle, known as the "Scoot".〔 The last freight train crossed the bridge in 1976 prior to the formation of Conrail; the last passenger train left Bayonne's Eighth Street Station on August 6, 1978.〔 Despite Bayonne's efforts to save the bridge, demolition of the central lift spans began in July 1980 after the United States Coast Guard declared the structure a navigational hazard to ships. The trestle and approaches were removed in 1987-1988 when it became apparent that a replacement span was no longer feasible. Removal of the piers began in 2012.〔http://www.nj.com/bayonne/index.ssf/2012/02/army_corps_of_engineers_removi.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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